|
Bruce Rozenblit "Beginner's Guide to Tube Audio Design" |
|
First Edition 1997 by
Bruce Rozenblit |
|
| INTRODUCTION (ix) Equations. Ohm's Law. Connections. |
|
| CHAPTER 1: WHAT IS A VACUUM TUBE (3) First Simplification: Electrons. Second Simplification: Fields & Electron Motion. Tube Parts. Tube as a Heat-Powered Engine. The Space Charge. Tube Construction - The Triode. Basic Tube Parameters. Impedance. Triode Parameters. Biasing. Tube Characteristics. Dynamic Plate Resistance. Transconductance. Amplification Factor. Tube Characteristic Charts. The Pentode. Pentode Characteristics. Tube Capacitance. Tube Specifications. Tube Life. |
|
| CHAPTER 2: SINGLE-STAGE BASICS (11) Single-Stage Triode Amplifiers. Set the Bias. Gain Stage. Triode Models. Simple Algebra. Adding Cathode Resistor. Input Impedance. Output Impedance. Circuit Interfaces. Pentode Models. Summary. |
|
| CHAPTER 3: SIMPLE GAIN CIRCUITS (17) Single-Stage Triodes. Fixing Output Impedance. Essential Parameters. Resistor Values. Getting Sufficient Gain. Single-Stage Pentodes. Compromises. Tweaky Stuff. Negative Feedback. |
|
| CHAPTER 4: NEGATIVE FEEDBACK (21) Nonlinearity. Measuring Time in Degrees. Adding Sine Waves. feedback Circuits. Passive Networks. Decibels. Phase Change. Benefits of Feedback. |
|
| CHAPTER 5: SINGLE STAGE FEEDBACK CIRCUITS
(27) Direct-Coupled Cathode Follower. Negative Voltage Feedback. Gain. AC-Coupled Cathode Follower. Feedback in Single-Stage Gain Circuits. External Loop Conection. |
|
| CHAPTER 6: MULTISTAGE BASICS (31) Amplifier-Circuit Types. Voltage and Power Amplifiers. Preliminary Questions. Parameters. Reducing Distortion. Low-Frequency Instability. High-Frequency Instability. Optimization. Push-Pull Circuits. Continuous Exchange. Balanced Circuitry. High-Frequency Compensation. |
|
| CHAPTER 7: AMPLIFIER PARTS (35) Phase Splitters. Phase-Splitter Design. Phase-Splitter Variation. Setting Design Parameters. Differential Amplifier. Negative Power Supply. Constant Current Source. Other Constant-Current Source Benefits. Constant-Current Source Outputs. The Cascode. Circuit Model and Equations. |
|
| CHAPTER 8: OUTPUT STAGES AND TRANSFORMERS
(43) Transformers. Electromagnetism. Magnetic Induction. Current Relationship. Internal Impedance. Transformer Windings. Bifilar Windings. Current Flow. Plate Voltage. Modes of Operation. Bias Mechanisms. Single-Ended Operation. Output-Tube Types. Full-Power Rating. Peak Voltage. Impedance and Power Specs. Screen Grids. triode Operation. Ultralinear Stage. Phase Shift. |
|
| CHAPTER 9: POWER SUPPLIES AND VOLTAGE
REGULATORS (51) Power and Work. Voltage as Potential Energy. Voltage Stability and Regulation. Power-Supply Design. Regulation. Rectification. Full-Wave Bridge. Filter Capacitor. Ripple. Conduction Angle. Reducing Ripple. Filter Choke. Voltage Doubler. Rectifier Characteristics. Vacuum-Tube Rectifiers. Power Transformers. Filament Power Supply. Voltage Regulations. Gas Tubes. zener Diodes. Series-Pass Regulators. Single-Stage Three-terminal regulator. |
|
| CHAPTER 10: STABILITY NETWORKS (59) Poles. Test circuit. Checking Input Stability. Open-Loop Stabilization. Low-Frequency Instability. Spacing Poles. Closing the Feedback Loop. Applying Compensation Networks. Checking Phase Relationships. Make Notes. Feedback Concerns; Stability Margin. |
|
| CHAPTER 11: CLASSIC DESIGNS (63) Learning from te Past. Jafferson 2A3. Amplifier Sections. Williamson Amplifier. Leak RC/PA/U. Fisher 50-AZ. Grommes 260A. Dynaco Mark III. Heathkit W-6M. McIntosh MC-60. Marantz Model 5. Grommes Model 212. Dynaco PAS-2. |
|
| CHAPTER 12: PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS (79) Test Equipment. Assembly Procedures. Equipment Tips. Component Placement. Choosing Capacitors. Choosing Tubes. Conclusion. |
|
| PROJECTS (82) A Line Level Preamp. A Transformerless Output Amplifier. Test Bench Supply. |
|
| BIBLIOGRAPHY (100) | |
| INDEX (102) | |
|
© 2000-2002 FonAr Sp. z o.o. e-mail: waw@fonar.com.pl |
|
